Cell differentiationSpec 2.6
Differentiation is the process by which a cell becomes specialised for a particular job. The cell gains the sub-cellular structures it needs to carry out its function. For example, a nerve cell has a long axon, and a root hair cell has a long projection that gives a large surface area.
Differentiation is important in the development of specialised cells because a multicellular organism needs many different cell types doing different jobs. Specialised cells form tissues, which make up organs. Each type of cell can carry out its job efficiently.