Role of biotechnologySpec 4.7.5.4
Biotechnological and agricultural solutions, including genetic modification, can help meet the demands of the growing human population. Modern biotechnology techniques enable large quantities of microorganisms to be cultured for food.
Mycoprotein
The fungus Fusarium is useful for producing mycoprotein, a protein-rich food suitable for vegetarians.
- The fungus is grown on glucose syrup.
- It is grown in aerobic conditions (with oxygen).
- The biomass is harvested and purified.
Genetically modified organisms
A genetically modified bacterium produces human insulin. When harvested and purified this is used to treat people with diabetes.
GM crops could provide more food or food with an improved nutritional value, such as golden rice.
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Define food security.
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Having enough food to feed a population.
Why does limiting the movement of food animals increase efficiency of food production?
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Less energy is transferred to the environment, so more goes into growth.
Give two ways to keep fish stocks sustainable.
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Control of net size and fishing quotas.
What is mycoprotein and what is it grown on?
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A protein-rich food made from the fungus Fusarium, grown on glucose syrup in aerobic conditions.
What is produced by a genetically modified bacterium to treat diabetes?
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Human insulin.