Cell differentiationSpec 4.1.1.4
As an organism develops, cells differentiate to form different types of cells. As a cell differentiates it acquires different sub-cellular structures to enable it to carry out a certain function. It has become a specialised cell.
- Most types of animal cell differentiate at an early stage.
- Many types of plant cell retain the ability to differentiate throughout life.
- In mature animals, cell division is mainly restricted to repair and replacement.
Differentiation is important because it allows cells to become specialised, with the sub-cellular structures they need for a particular job. A multicellular organism made of specialised cells can carry out many different functions efficiently, as the specialised cells work together in tissues, organs and organ systems.