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The leaf as an organ

Organisation · Plant tissues, organs and systems · note 2 of 5

The leaf as an organSpec 4.2.3.1

The leaf is a plant organ. It is made up of several tissues that work together. Knowledge is limited to the epidermis, palisade and spongy mesophyll, xylem and phloem, and guard cells surrounding stomata.

  • The epidermis covers the leaf. The lower epidermis contains stomata.
  • Palisade mesophyll lies below the upper epidermis. It is where most photosynthesis happens.
  • Spongy mesophyll lies below the palisade layer. Its air spaces let gases move around.
  • Xylem and phloem in the leaf veins bring water to the leaf and take sugars away.
  • Guard cells surround each stomatal pore and control its opening.
A transverse section of a leaf labelled with the waxy layer, upper epidermis, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, air space, xylem and phloem in a vein, lower epidermis, a stoma and a guard cell.Tap to enlarge
The tissues of a leaf work together. Most photosynthesis happens in the palisade mesophyll.