Question 1
A sailor has no fresh fruit or vegetables in his diet for several months. His gums bleed and his wounds heal slowly. Which deficiency disease does he have?
- Anaemia
- Rickets
- Scurvy
- Obesity
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Answer: C (scurvy)
Question 2
Name the nutrient that is needed for each of the following uses in the body. (a) Growth and repair of tissues (b) Making haemoglobin (c) Providing insulation and an energy store
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- (a) protein (1)
- (b) iron (1)
- (c) fat(s) / oil(s) (1) allow lipid(s)
Question 3
Describe what is meant by a balanced diet.
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- contains all the nutrients / carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water (1)
- in the correct proportions / amounts (1)
- gives the right amount of energy for the person's needs / age, sex, activity (1)
- Max 2
Question 4
Complete the table by stating one dietary source and one importance for each nutrient.
| Nutrient | Dietary source | Importance |
|---|---|---|
| Calcium | ||
| Fibre |
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- calcium source: milk / cheese / yoghurt / dairy foods (1)
- calcium importance: making bones and teeth / strong or hard bones and teeth (1)
- fibre source: wholemeal bread / vegetables / fruit / cereals (1)
- fibre importance: provides bulk for muscles of gut to push food along / prevents constipation (1)
Question 5
(a) State the cause of scurvy. [1] (b) State one food that would help to prevent scurvy. [1] (c) Rickets is a disease of the bones in children. Explain how a lack of vitamin D can cause rickets. [2]
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- (a) lack of / not enough vitamin C (1)
- (b) citrus fruit / orange / lemon / fresh vegetables / fresh fruit (1)
- (c) vitamin D helps absorb calcium (1)
- calcium needed to harden bones / without calcium the bones are soft (and bend) (1)
Question 6
Which statement about nutrients is correct?
- Vitamin D helps the absorption of calcium
- Iron is needed to make bones
- Water provides energy
- Protein provides insulation
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Answer: A