Question 1
In which organ is bile stored?
- Liver
- Pancreas
- Gall bladder
- Duodenum
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Answer: C (gall bladder)
Question 2
Complete the table to show the function of each organ.
| Organ | Function |
|---|---|
| Salivary glands | |
| Liver | |
| Colon | |
| Anus |
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- salivary glands: make / secrete saliva / amylase (1)
- liver: makes bile (1) allow assimilation / uses absorbed nutrients, e.g. amino acids to make proteins
- colon: absorbs water (1)
- anus: egestion / faeces leave the body (1)
Question 3
Define each term. (a) ingestion (b) absorption (c) assimilation
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- (a) the taking of substances, e.g. food and drink, into the body (1)
- (b) the movement of nutrients from the intestines into the blood (1)
- (c) uptake and use of nutrients by cells (1)
Question 4
Which type of tooth is used mainly for biting and cutting food?
- Canine
- Incisor
- Molar
- Premolar
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Answer: B (incisor)
Question 5
A section through a tooth shows enamel, dentine, pulp and cement. State the part of the tooth that (a) is the hardest outer covering of the crown [1] (b) contains nerves and blood vessels [1] (c) fixes the tooth into the jawbone [1] (d) is the hard, bone-like material under the enamel [1]
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- (a) enamel (1)
- (b) pulp (1) allow pulp cavity
- (c) cement (1)
- (d) dentine (1)
Question 6
(a) Describe how the stomach carries out physical digestion. [2] (b) Explain why physical digestion helps chemical digestion. [1] (c) State one function of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. [1]
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- (a) muscular walls contract / relax / churn the food (1)
- mixes food with gastric juice / breaks it into smaller pieces (1)
- (b) increases the surface area of the food for enzymes to act on (1)
- (c) kills harmful microorganisms / provides an acidic pH for optimum enzyme activity (1)
Question 7
Supplement (what this means)
Supplement: only for the Extended papers (2 and 4). Core students can skip it. What the labels meanOutline the role of bile in the digestion of fats and oils.
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- emulsifies fats and oils / breaks large drops into smaller droplets (1)
- increases the surface area (1)
- for lipase / enzyme (chemical digestion) to act on (1)
- reject bile digests fat / bile is an enzyme