Question 1
Which structure is found in a plant cell but not in an animal cell?
- Nucleus
- Ribosome
- Chloroplast
- Mitochondrion
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Answer: C (chloroplast) (1)
Question 2
Describe three ways in which a plant cell differs from an animal cell.
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- plant cell has a cell wall, animal cell does not (1)
- plant cell has chloroplasts, animal cell does not (1)
- plant cell has a large vacuole (containing cell sap), animal cell does not (have a large vacuole) (1)
- allow 'cellulose' for cell wall; ignore 'plants have a cell membrane' (both have one)
- Max 3
Question 3
Which statement about the DNA in a bacterial cell is correct?
- It is enclosed in a nucleus.
- It is circular and lies free in the cytoplasm.
- It is found only in the mitochondria.
- It is absent.
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Answer: B (1)
Question 4
State the function of each of the following structures in a cell.
| Structure | Function |
|---|---|
| Cell membrane | |
| Ribosome | |
| Mitochondrion | |
| Chloroplast |
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- cell membrane: controls movement of substances into and out of the cell (1) allow controls what enters and leaves; ignore 'protects the cell'
- ribosome: makes proteins / protein synthesis (1)
- mitochondrion: aerobic respiration / releases energy (1)
- chloroplast: photosynthesis / absorbs light energy for photosynthesis (1) ignore 'contains chlorophyll' alone
Question 5
Complete the table by stating the function of each specialised cell.
| Cell | Function |
|---|---|
| Palisade mesophyll cell | |
| Neurone | |
| Root hair cell |
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- palisade mesophyll cell: photosynthesis (1)
- neurone: conduction of electrical impulses (1)
- root hair cell: absorption (of water and mineral ions) (1)
Question 6
(a) State how new cells are produced. [1] (b) Write these in order, from smallest to largest: organ, cell, organism, tissue, organ system. [1]
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- (a) by division of existing cells (1)
- (b) cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism (all in correct order) (1)
Question 7
Describe what is meant by the terms tissue and organ. Give an example of each.
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- tissue: a group of cells with similar structures (1)
- working together to perform a shared function (1)
- organ: a structure made up of a group of tissues (1)
- working together to perform specific functions (1)
- example of a tissue, e.g. muscle tissue / palisade mesophyll (1)
- example of an organ, e.g. stomach / heart / leaf (1)
- Max 4