1[1 mark]
Which statement matches the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of health?
- The absence of disease or infirmity
- A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being
- Being physically fit and able to exercise
- Having a healthy diet and not smoking
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Answer: B B (1)
2[2 marks]
Describe the difference between a communicable disease and a non-communicable disease.
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- a communicable disease can be passed from one organism to another / is caused by a pathogen (1) allow infectious
- a non-communicable disease cannot be passed on / is not caused by a pathogen (1)
3[3 marks]
People with HIV are more likely to develop tuberculosis (TB). Explain why.
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- HIV destroys white blood cells (1)
- so the immune system is weakened / fewer antibodies are made (1)
- so the bacteria that cause TB are not destroyed / the body cannot fight the infection (1)
4[2 marks]
A study of 500 people found that those with a long-term skin condition had more infections than those without. A student says that the skin condition causes the infections. Give one reason why the student may be right and one reason why the conclusion cannot be certain.
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- the damaged skin is a weaker barrier / allows pathogens to enter (1)
- a correlation does not prove cause / another factor could explain both / the sample may not be representative (1)