Molecules (Interaction and interdependence) mind map

Each branch is one subtopic. Read it out loud and try to explain every word.

Molecules (Interaction and interdependence) mind map · IB Diploma Biology SL · clockitwithsci.com

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Molecules (Interaction and interdependence)

Enzymes and metabolism
- Enzymes as catalysts
  - speed up reactions
  - not used up
  - control metabolism
- Metabolism
  - anabolism: condensation
  - catabolism: hydrolysis, oxidation
- Active site
  - few amino acids
  - induced fit
  - collisions needed
- Rate factors
  - temperature: optimum, denaturation
  - pH: optimum
  - substrate: active sites saturated
- Activation energy lowered
  - bonds broken in substrate
  - overall energy change same
Cell respiration
- ATP
  - nucleotide: adenosine triphosphate
  - hydrolysis releases energy
  - active transport, anabolism, movement
- Respiration vs gas exchange
  - ATP from carbon compounds
  - glucose, fatty acids
- Aerobic vs anaerobic
  - oxygen, mitochondria
  - about 30 vs 2 ATP
  - CO₂ + water vs lactate
- Measuring rate
  - respirometer, soda lime
  - rate per gram per minute
Photosynthesis
- Light to chemical energy
  - CO₂ + water → glucose + oxygen
  - hydrogen from split water
  - oxygen by-product
- Pigments
  - chromatography, Rf values
  - chlorophyll absorbs red, blue
  - excited electrons
- Spectra
  - absorption: % absorbed
  - action: rate of photosynthesis
- Limiting factors
  - light, CO₂, temperature
  - lamp distance, NaHCO₃, water bath
- CO₂ enrichment
  - greenhouse experiments
  - FACE in the field